absorbent article

专利摘要:
ABSORBENT ARTICLE PRESENTING A SIGNAL COMPOSITE. The present invention concerns an absorbent article comprising a signal composite comprising a layer of carrier substrate, a first stimulation layer, a second stimulation layer, a first layer of thermoplastic adhesive and a second layer of thermoplastic adhesive. The carrier substrate layer is arranged as a bottom layer of the signal composite. The first stimulation layer comprises a first stimulation material and is arranged above, and adjacent to, the carrier substrate layer. The second stimulation layer comprises a second stimulation material and is arranged above, and adjacent to, the first stimulation layer to provide the body-facing surface of the signal composite. The first layer of thermoplastic adhesive is liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is disposed between, and adjacent to, the carrier substrate layer and the first stimulation layer. The second layer of thermoplastic adhesive is liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is disposed between the first stimulation layer and the second stimulation layer.
公开号:BR112012015328B1
申请号:R112012015328-5
申请日:2010-11-23
公开日:2020-12-22
发明作者:Peiguang Zhou；Andrew Mark Long；Dave Allen Soerens；Kaiyuan Yang；Davis-Dang Hoang Nhan；Jun G. Zhang
申请人:Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

HISTORIC
[01] The present invention relates to absorbent articles that include a stimulation material. More specifically, the invention relates to an absorbent article, such as training pants, which provides the user with a noticeable change in sensation when discharging with fluid.
[02] Absorbent articles, such as children's training pants, for example, were designed with temperature-changing particles to provide a sensation of temperature change when urinating in an attempt to increase a child's recognition of when urination occurs. As can be recognized, such recognition can be an important step in the toilet training process. The sensation of temperature change can often be the result of the stimulation material being positioned between the top sheet and the absorbent core of the article.
[03] Unfortunately, in certain circumstances, the design of such articles may not be entirely satisfactory. For example, the stimulation material included within the article may, in certain cases, be abrasive for the user. This abrasiveness can be particularly noticeable where the stimulation material is positioned close to the user's skin in use, which is generally a desirable setting to maximize the sensation of temperature change experienced by the user. In addition, the stimulation material may not be fixed, thereby resulting in agitation or movement of the material. In addition, the stimulation material may provide a sensation of rapid temperature change, but it may not last as long as desired to assist with the toilet training process.
[04] In addition, current articles may not provide a means to alter the stimulation effect and / or exhibit more than one stimulation effect over a period of time after an aqueous discharge has occurred. For example, it can be even more alert to a user if an article provides a warm feeling upon discharge, and then subsequently provides a cooling sensation after that, or alternatively provides a cooling sensation upon discharge and , then, providing pressure or a tingling sensation to the user, or even providing both a cooling effect and a pressure change effect, which can be maintained for 5 minutes or more.
[05] In some circumstances, it may be desirable for a stimulation device in an article to do more than just alert the user to a discharge. Indeed, it may be desirable for the stimulation device to additionally provide a benefit to the user. For example, in addition to alerting the user of a discharge, the stimulation device could also provide pH buffering for the skin, care for vaginal health for a female person, odor control, skin health coating materials or even medicine.
[06] Thus, there is a demand for a disposable absorbent article with a unique stimulation device that can delay or prolong the effects of the stimulation material; that is capable of showing more than one effect over a sustained period after at least one aqueous discharge; that is able to change the stimulation effect after at least one discharge; fixing the stimulation material to reduce or prevent movement of the material; and / or that may provide additional benefits to the user. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[07] In response to the needs discussed above, an absorbent article comprises a sign composite, the sign composite having a surface facing the body, a surface facing the garment, a longitudinal direction, a transverse direction and a z direction. The signal composite comprises a carrier substrate layer, a first stimulation layer, a second stimulation layer, a first layer of thermoplastic adhesive and a second layer of thermoplastic adhesive. The carrier substrate layer is liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is arranged as a bottom layer of the sign composite in the z direction to provide the surface facing the garment of the sign composite.
[08] The first stimulation layer comprises a first stimulation material and is arranged above, and adjacent to, the carrier substrate layer. The second stimulation layer comprises a second stimulation material and is arranged above, and adjacent to, the first stimulation layer to provide the body-facing surface of the signal composite. The first layer of thermoplastic adhesive is liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is disposed between, and adjacent to, the carrier substrate layer and the first stimulation layer. The second layer of thermoplastic adhesive is liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is disposed between the first stimulation layer and the second stimulation layer. In addition, each stimulation layer comprises at least 50% by weight of stimulation material having a solubility of 0.1 grams to 6 grams of material per gram of water. In additional aspects, the carrier substrate layer has a weight of 10 g / m2 and 50 g / m2. In yet additional aspects, the carrier substrate layer has a thickness in the z direction from 0.1 mm to 1 mm, as measured by the thickness test. In still additional aspects, the substrate layer The carrier is a non-woven substrate. In still additional aspects, the carrier substrate layer is a thermoplastic water-soluble polymer film. In still further aspects, at least one of the first stimulation layer and the second stimulation layer comprises a stimulation material in the form of a cooling agent, the cooling agent being selected from xylitol, sorbitol or urea. In still further aspects, the first stimulation layer comprises stimulation material in the form of a cooling agent and the second stimulation layer comprises stimulation material in the form of a heating agent. In still further aspects, the first stimulation layer comprises stimulation material in the form of a cooling agent, and the second stimulation layer comprises stimulation material in the form of a cooling agent and a pressure changing agent. In yet additional aspects, each of the first stimulation layer and the second stimulation layer has a weight from 25 g / m2 to 500 g / m2. In yet additional aspects, each of the first layer of the thermoplastic adhesive and the second layer of the thermoplastic adhesive is hydrophobic. In additional aspects, each of the first layer of thermoplastic adhesive and the second layer of thermoplastic adhesive has a weight of 2 g / m2 to 25 g / m2. In still further aspects, at least one of the first stimulation layer and the second stimulation layer further comprises a beneficial additive. In still additional aspects, the signal composite has a thickness in the z direction from 0.25 mm to 5 mm, as measured by the thickness test. In yet additional aspects, each of the carrier substrate layer, the first stimulation layer, the second stimulation layer, the first thermoplastic adhesive layer and the second thermoplastic adhesive layer are coextensive in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
[09] In still additional aspects, the signal composite comprises at least one additional stimulation layer and at least one additional thermoplastic adhesive layer, the at least one additional stimulation layer being disposed above, and adjacent to, the second stimulation layer, and the at least one additional thermoplastic adhesive layer being liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is disposed between, and adjacent to, the second stimulation layer and at least one additional stimulation layer. In still further aspects, the signal composite additionally comprises 1-13 additional stimulation layers, and 1-13 additional thermoplastic adhesive layers, such that the additional thermoplastic adhesive layers and additional stimulation layers are arranged in an alternating manner. In still additional aspects, the signal composite, an additional liquid-permeable substrate layer and an additional thermoplastic adhesive layer, the additional liquid-permeable substrate layer being disposed above, and adjacent to, the second stimulation layer, and the additional thermoplastic adhesive layer being liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is disposed between, and adjacent to, the second stimulation layer and the additional liquid-permeable stimulation layer.
[10] In some respects, an absorbent article comprises a signal composite, the signal composite having a body-facing surface, a surface facing the garment, a longitudinal direction, a transverse direction and a z direction . The signal composite comprises a layer of carrier substrate, 2-15 layers of stimulation and 2-15 layers of thermoplastic adhesive. The carrier substrate layer is liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is arranged as a bottom layer of the signal composite in the z direction, to provide the surface facing the garment. The stimulation layers each comprise stimulation materials and are each arranged above and adjacent to the carrier substrate layer. In addition, one of the stimulation layers is arranged as a top layer of the signal composite in the z direction, to provide the body-facing surface. Each layer of thermoplastic adhesive is liquid-permeable or water-soluble. In addition, one of the layers of thermoplastic adhesive is disposed between, and adjacent to, the carrier substrate layer and one of the stimulation layers, and each of the remaining layers of thermoplastic adhesive is disposed between, and adjacent to, the remaining stimulation layers in alternate mode. In addition, at least 50% by weight of the stimulation materials in at least two stimulation layers have a solubility of 0.1 grams to 6 grams of material per gram of water. The carrier substrate layer has a weight of 10 g / m2 and 50 g / m2; each stimulation layer has a weight from 25 g / m2 to 500 g / m2 and each layer of thermoplastic adhesive has a weight from 2 g / m2 to 25 g / m2. In addition, the signal composite has a thickness in the z direction of 0.25 mm and 5 mm, as measured by the thickness test. In additional aspects, at least one of the stimulation layers additionally comprises a beneficial additive. In still further aspects, at least one of the stimulation layers comprises stimulation material in the form of a cooling agent. In yet additional aspects, the stimulation layers and the layers of thermoplastic adhesive are coextensive in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
[11] Numerous other aspects and advantages of the present invention will appear from the following description. In the description, reference is made to exemplary embodiments of the invention. Such modalities do not represent the full scope of the invention. Reference should therefore be made to the claims here to interpret the full scope of the invention. In the interest of brevity and conciseness, any ranges of values shown in this specification include all values within the range and should be interpreted as supporting claims and mentioning any sub-ranges having end points that are real number values within the range specified in question. By way of a hypothetical illustrative example, a description in this specification of a range from 1 to 5, will be considered to support the claims in any of the following ranges: 1-5; 1-4; 1-3; 1-2; 2-5; 2-4; 2-3; 3-5; 3-4 and 4-5. FIGURES
[12] The above and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with respect to the following description, attached claims and attached drawings.
[13] Figure 1 illustrates a side view of training pants with a fixation system.
[14] The pants mechanic shown attached to one side of the training pants and not attached to the other side of the training pants.
[15] Figure 2 illustrates a plan view of the training pants of Figure 1 in an unfixed, stretched and flattened condition, showing the surface of the training pants facing the user and showing a composite of the present sign. invention.
[16] Figure 3 is a perspective view of a thickness tester used in the thickness test.
[17] Figure 4 is a perspective view of an O embodiment of a signal composite of the present invention.
[18] Figure 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a sign composite of the present invention featuring an additional thermoplastic adhesive layer and an additional liquid-permeable substrate layer.
[19] Figure 6 illustrates an exemplary process for building the signal composite of the present invention.
[20] Figure 7 is a female tampon showing a signal composite of the present invention.
[21] Figure 8A is a plan view of training pants in an unfixed, stretched and flattened condition, showing the surface of the training pants facing the user and featuring a signal composite, a flexible plastic tube and a thermocouple as configured for Examples 1 and 2.
[22] Figure 8B is a perspective view of the Figure 8A training pants placed in a double-jacketed flask for Examples 1 and 2.
[23] Repeated use of reference characters in the present specification and drawings is intended to represent the same or analogous characteristics or elements of the present invention. The drawings are representative and are not necessarily drawn to scale. Certain proportions of them can be exaggerated, while others can be minimized. TEST METHODS
[24] Unless otherwise noted, all tests are performed at a temperature of 23 ± 2 ° C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5%. Particle Size Testing
[25] A stack of sieves is used to determine the particle size distribution for a given sample.
[26] Therefore, for example, a particle that is retained in a sieve with openings of 710 micrometers is considered to have a particle size greater than 710 micrometers. A particle that passes through a sieve with openings of 710 micrometers and is retained in a sieve with openings of 500 micrometers is considered to have a particle size between 500 and 710 micrometers. In addition, a particle that passes through a sieve having openings of 500 micrometers is considered to have a particle size less than 500 micrometers, and so on.
[27] Sieves are placed in order of size of the openings with the largest openings at the top of the stack and the smallest openings at the bottom of the stack. Therefore, any stimulation material associated with a signal composite can be weighed and placed on the sieve with the largest openings. Alternatively, if it is desired to determine the particle size or particle size distribution of the stimulation material in only a particular portion of the signal composite, only the stimulation material associated with that portion can be weighed and placed in the sieve with the largest openings. . Standard North American screens can be used in the screen stack, including 20 mesh (850 micrometers), 25 mesh (710 micrometers), 35 mesh (500 micrometers), 50 mesh (300 micrometers) and 170 mesh (90 micrometers).
[28] The sieve stack is shaken for 10 minutes with a Ro-Tap Mechanical Sieve Shaker, model RX29, available from W.S. Tyler, from Mentor, Ohio, or another similar stirring device under standard test conditions. After the end of the stirring, the stimulation material retained in each sieve is removed and the weight is measured and recorded. The percentage of particles retained in each sieve is calculated by dividing the weights of the particles retained in each sieve by the initial sample weight. Thickness Test
[29] The thickness value of a selected portion or section of an article is determined using a thickness tester, as seen in Figure 3. The 2310 thickness tester includes a 2320 granite base with a 2330 fastening shaft where the 2322 top surface of 2320 granite base is flat and smooth. A suitable granite base is a Starret Granite Base, model 653G (available from The L.S. Starret Company, having a business location in Athol, Massachusetts, USA) or equivalent. A clamping arm 2340 is attached to clamping shaft 2330 at one end 2342 of clamping arm 2340, and a digital indicator 2350 is clamped to clamping arm 2340 at the opposite end 2344. A suitable indicator is a Mitutoyo ID-H Series 543 Digimatic Indicator ( available from Mitutoyo America Corp., having a business location in Aurora, Illinois, USA) or equivalent. Extending downward from the 2350 indicator is a 2360 vertically movable plunger.
[30] To perform the procedure, a 2370 block, with a length of 50 mm and a width of 44 mm, is placed over the 2320 granite base. The 2370 block is constructed of acrylic and is flat and smooth in fur. minus the bottom surface 2372. The thickness and weight of block 1 2370 are configured in such a way that the thickness tester 2310 provides a sample pressure of 0.69 kPa (0.1 psi). Next, the thickness tester 0 2310 is gently lowered in such a way that the bottom surface 2362 of the plunger 2360 is in direct contact with the top surface 2374 of block 2370 in the longitudinal and transverse center 2 of block 2370, and the piston length is shortened by about 50%. The digital indicator 2350 is then tared (or reset) 5 by pressing the “zero” button 2357. The digital display 2355 of the digital indicator 2350 should show “0.00 mm” or equivalent.
[31] The 2310 thickness tester is then raised and the 2370 block is removed. The test sample is then placed over the top surface 2322, of the granite base 2320, and the block 2370 is smoothly placed on top of the test sample such that the block 2370 is substantially centered longitudinally 1 and crosswise 2 in the sample. The thickness tester 2310 is then gently lowered again over the block 2370 in such a way that the bottom surface 2362, of the plunger 2360, is in direct contact with the top surface 2374, of the block 2370, in the longitudinal center 1 and transverse 2 of block 2370, and the piston length is shortened by about 50%, to provide a pressure of 0.69 kPa (0.1 psi). After 3 seconds, the measurement from the digital display 2355 is recorded up to the nearest 0.01 mm D. DEFINITIONS
[32] It should be noted that when used in the present invention, the terms "comprise", "comprising" and other derivatives of the root term "understand" are intended to be open-ended terms, which specify the presence of any characteristics, elements, numbers integers, steps or components mentioned, and are not intended to exclude the presence or addition of one or more other characteristics, elements, whole numbers, steps, components or groups thereof.
[33] The term “absorbent article” refers, generically, to devices that can absorb and contain fluids. For example, absorbent personal care articles refer to devices that are placed against or close to the skin, to absorb and contain the various fluids discharged from the body.
[34] The term "fix" and its derivatives refer to the joining, adhesion, connection, connection, joint seam, or similar, of two elements. Two elements will be considered to be fixed together when they are integral with each other or are directly fixed to each other or indirectly to each other, such as when each is directly fixed to intermediate elements.
[35] The term “bind” and its derivatives refer to the joining, adhesion, connection, fixing, sewing together, or the like, of two elements. Two elements will be considered to be connected together when they are directly connected to each other or indirectly to each other, such as when each is directly connected to intermediate elements.
[36] The term “coform” refers to a combination of meltblown fibers and absorbent fibers, such as cellulosic fibers that can be formed by air formation of a meltblown polymer material while simultaneously blowing air suspended fibers to the meltblown fiber stream. The coform material may also include other materials, such as superabsorbent materials. Meltblown fibers and absorbent fibers are collected on a forming surface, as provided by a foraminous belt. The forming surface may include a gas-permeable material that has been placed on the forming surface. Exemplary co-formation processes are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,100,324 to Anderson et al.,; 4,587,154 by Hotchkiss et al .; 4,604,313 to McFarland et al .; 4,655,757 by McFarland et al .; 4,724,114 by McFarland et al .; 4,100,324 by Anderson et al .; and United Kingdom Patent GB 2,151,272 to Minto et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is consistent with the present invention.
[37] The term "complex liquid" describes a liquid generically characterized as being a viscoelastic liquid, which mainly concerns aqueous liquids associated with menstruation.
[38] The term “connect” and its derivatives refer to the joining, adhesion, bonding, fixing, sewing together, or the like, of two elements. Two elements will be considered to be connected together when they are directly connected to each other or indirectly to each other, such as when each is directly connected to intermediate elements.
[39] The term “disposable” is used here to describe absorbent articles that are not intended to be washed or otherwise restored or reused as an absorbent article after a single use.
[40] The terms "willing to", "willing to", "willing to" or "willing to", and variations thereof, mean that an element may be integral with another element, or that an element may be a separate structure attached to or placed with or placed next to another element.
[41] The terms "elastic", "elasticized", "elasticity" and "elastomeric (a)", and derivatives thereof, mean that the property of a material or composite by virtue of which it tends to recover its original shape and size, after removing a force that causes deformation. Suitably, an elastic material or composite can be stretched to at least 50 percent of its relaxed length and will recover, after releasing the applied force, at least 40 percent of its elongation.
[42] The term “extensible” refers to a material or composite that is capable of extension or deformation without breaking, but that does not substantially recover its original size and shape after the removal of a force causing the extension or deformation (ie , less than 40 percent recovery). Suitably, an extensible material or composite can be stretched to at least 50 percent of its relaxed length.
[43] The term “fiber” refers to a continuous or discontinuous member having a high ratio of length to diameter or width. Therefore, a fiber can be a filament, a thread, a cord, a thread, or any other member or combination of those members.
[44] The term “absorbent health / medical articles” includes a variety of professional and consumer health care products, including, but not limited to, products for applying hot or cold therapy, medical clothing (ie, clothing protective and / or surgical), surgical curtains, caps, gloves, face masks, bandages, wound dressings, scarves, covers, containers, filters, disposable garments and bed protectors, medical absorbent garments, intimate pillows, and the like.
[45] The term “household / industrial absorbent articles” includes packaging and construction supplies, cleaning and disinfecting products, tissues, covers, filters, towels, disposable cutting sheets, toilet paper, facial tissue, non-woven roll items, home comfort products, including pillows, cushions, mats, seats, masks and body care products, such as products used for cleaning or skin care, lab coats, overalls, garbage bags, absorbent care liners with pets, dirt / laundry paint absorbers, and the like.
[46] The term "hydrophilic" describes materials that are moistened by aqueous liquids in contact with the materials. The degree of wetting of the materials can, in turn, be described in terms of the contact angles and surface stresses of the liquids and materials involved. The appropriate equipment and techniques for measuring the wetting capacity of particular fiber materials or combinations of fiber materials can be provided by a Cahn SFA-222 Surface Strength Analyzer System, or a substantially equivalent system.
[47] When measured with this system, materials having contact angles less than 90 degrees are called "wettable" or "hydrophilic", and fibers having contact angles greater than 90 degrees are called "non-wettable" or "hydrophobic" .
[48] The term “unite”, and its derivatives, refer to the connection, adhesion, bonding, fixing, sewing together, or similar, of two elements. Two elements will be considered to be joined together when they are integral with each other or directly connected to each other or indirectly to each other, such as when each is directly connected to intermediate elements.
[49] The term “impermeable to liquids”, when used in describing a single layer or multilayer laminate, means that liquids, such as urine, menstruation or bowel movement, will not pass through the layer or laminate under normal conditions of use , in a direction, generally, perpendicular to the plane of the layer or laminate at the point of contact with the liquid.
[50] The term “liquid-permeable” refers to any material that is not impermeable to liquids.
[51] The term “meltblown fibers” refers to fibers formed by extruding a molten thermoplastic material through a plurality of fine mold capillaries, usually circular, like molten strands or filaments, into a gas stream (for example, air), usually heated, of high speed, which attenuates the filaments of fused thermoplastic material to reduce its diameter. In the particular case of a coform process, the meltblown fiber stream intercepts one or more streams of material, which are introduced from a different direction. After that, the meltblown fibers and other optional materials are carried by the high speed gas stream and are deposited on a collecting surface. The distribution and orientation of the meltblown fibers within the formed web depends on the geometry and process conditions. Exemplary meltblown processes are described in several patents and publications, including N.A. Report 4364, “Manufacture of Super-Fine Organic Fibers” by V.A. Wendt, E.L. Boone and C.D. Fluharty; NRL Report 5265, “An Improved Device for the Formation of Super-Fine Thermoplastic Fibers” by K.D. Lawrence, R.T. Lukas and J.A. Young; and U.S. Patent No. 3,849,241 to Butine et al., and U.S. Patent No. 5,350,624 to Georger et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is consistent with the present invention.
[52] The terms "nonwoven" and "nonwoven weave" refer to materials and wefts of material having a structure of fibers or individual filaments that are interspersed, but not in an identifiable manner as in a woven fabric. The terms "fiber" and "filament" are used interchangeably here. Nonwoven fabrics or wefts had been formed from many processes, such as, for example, meltblown processes, spunbond processes, air deposition processes, wet layer formation processes and carded-bonded weft processes.
[53] The term “absorbent personal care articles” includes, but is not limited to, absorbent articles, such as diapers, diaper pants, baby wipes, training pants, absorbent underwear, child care pants, clothing swimming, and other disposable clothing; feminine care products, including sanitary napkins, wipes, menstruation pads, menstruation pants, underwear protectors, daily intimate, interlabial protectors, tampons and tampon applicators; adult care products, including wipes, pads, such as breast pads, containers, incontinence products and urinary pads; clothing components; bibs; athletics and recreation products; and the like.
[54] The term “sports / construction absorbent articles” includes head bands, wrist bands and other aids for perspiration absorption, absorption windings for sports equipment handles and handles, and absorbent towels or wipes for cleaning and drying equipment during use.
[55] The terms "spunbond" and "spunbond fiber" refer to fibers that are formed by extruding filaments of thermoplastic material fused from a plurality of fine capillaries, usually circular, from a spinner, and then reducing the diameter of the extruded filaments.
[56] The terms "% by weight", "% weight", "% p", or derived therefrom, when used here, should be interpreted as based on dry weight, unless otherwise specified.
[57] These terms can be defined with additional language in the remaining portions of the specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[58] As described above, a problem with previous articles, which incorporate a stimulation material, is that when it is discharged from an aqueous liquid, the effect of the stimulation material tends to be relatively short. In other words, when using stimulation materials, without further ado, the stimulation effect begins immediately upon liquid discharge and its effectiveness is rapidly decreased, often before the end of the first liquid spurt in the article, such as within the first minute. . As a result, the effectiveness of signaling to the user is less than desired.
[59] In addition, in some cases, excessive amounts of expensive stimulation material have to be used in an attempt to extend the stimulation effect, which results in high manufacturing costs. Surprisingly, it has been found that incorporating the stimulation material in separate layers, to form a laminated signal composite, can extend the time scale for the stimulation effect. In addition, the unique structure of the signal composite of the present invention can provide the ability to have multiple stimulation effects over a sustained period after at least one discharge, fix the stimulation material to reduce or prevent movement of the material, and can additionally providing the ability to change the stimulation effect after at least one discharge, as well as providing additional benefits for the user.
[60] The improved stimulation device of this invention (referred to hereinafter as a "signal composite") is useful in disposable absorbent articles. An absorbent article of the present invention, in general, may have an absorbent core, and may optionally include a top sheet and / or a back sheet, the absorbent core of which can be arranged between the top sheet and the back sheet. The signal composite comprises a carrier substrate layer, at least two layers of stimulation, and at least two layers of thermoplastic adhesive. In some aspects, the signal composite may additionally include an optional top porous substrate layer disposed on the top surface of the signal composite.
[61] To achieve a better understanding of the present invention, attention is directed to Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5 for exemplary purposes, showing a training pants and a sign composite of the present invention. It is understood that the present invention may also be suitable for use with various other disposable absorbent articles, including, but not limited to, other personal care absorbent articles, measured / health absorbent articles, household / industrial absorbent articles, household absorbent articles. sports / construction, and the like, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[62] Various materials and methods for building training pants are described in U.S. Patent No. 6,761,711 to Fletcher et al .; in U.S. Patent No. 4,940,464 to Van Gompel et al .; US Patent No. 5,766,389 to Brandon et al., and US Patent No. 6,645,190 to Olson et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is consistent with the present invention. .
[63] Figure 1 illustrates training pants 20 in a partially fixed condition, and Figure 2 illustrates training pants 20 in an open and unfolded state. Training pants 20 define a longitudinal direction 1, which extends from the front of the training pants when worn to the rear of the training pants. Perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 1 is a lateral direction 2.
[64] Training pants 20 define a front region 22, a rear region 24 and a groin region 26, which extends longitudinally between and interconnecting the front and rear regions. Pant 20 also defines an inner surface (ie, body-facing surface) adapted in use (for example, positioned in relation to the other components of the pant) to be arranged towards the user, and an outer surface (that is, surface facing the garment) opposite the inner surface. Training pants 20 have a pair of laterally opposite side edges and a pair of longitudinally opposite waist edges.
[65] The pants 20 illustrated may include a chassis 32, a pair of laterally opposite front side panels 34, which extends laterally outwardly in the front region 22, and a pair of laterally opposite laterally side panels 734, which extends laterally towards out in the back 24.
[66] Chassis 32 includes a back sheet 40 and a top sheet 42, which can be joined to the back sheet 40 in an overlapping relationship with it by adhesives, ultrasonic bonds, thermal bonds or other conventional techniques. The chassis 32 can additionally include an absorbent core 44, as shown in Figure 2, disposed between the backsheet 40 and the top sheet 42, to absorb fluid exudates from the body eliminated by the user, and can additionally include a pair of containment flaps 46 attached to the top sheet 42 or the absorbent core 44, to inhibit lateral flow of exudations from the body.
[67] The backsheet 40, the top sheet 42 and the absorbent core 44 can be made from many different materials known to those skilled in the art. All three layers, for example, can be extensible and / or elastically extensible. In addition, the stretching properties of each layer can vary in order to control the overall stretching properties of the product.
[68] The backsheet 40, for example, can be breathable and / or it can be impermeable to fluids. The backsheet 40 can be constructed of a single layer, multiple layers, laminates, spunbond fabrics, films, meltblown fabrics, elastic networks, microporous wefts or carded-wefts. The backsheet 40, for example, can be a single layer of a fluid impermeable material, or alternatively it can be a laminated multilayer structure, in which at least one of the layers is fluid impermeable.
[69] The backsheet 40 can be biaxially extensible and optionally biaxially elastic. Elastic non-woven laminate fabrics, which can be used as the backsheet 40, include a non-woven material joined to one or more films or bundled non-woven fabrics. Stretch bonded laminates (SBL) and tapered bond laminates (NBL) are examples of elastomeric composites.
[70] Examples of suitable nonwoven materials are spunbond-meltblown fabrics, spunbond-meltblown-spunbond fabrics, spunbond fabrics, or laminates of such fabrics with films, or other nonwoven fabrics. Elastomeric materials may include cast or blown films, meltblown fabrics or 5 spunbond fabrics composed of polyethylene, polypropylene or polyolefin elastomers, as well as combinations thereof. Elastomeric materials may include PEBAX elastomer (available from AtoFina Chemicals, Inc., a business having offices located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA), HYTREL elastomeric polyester (available from Invista, a business having offices located in Wichita, Kansas, USA), KRATON elastomer (available from Kraton Polymers, a business having offices located in Houston, Texas, USA), or LYCRA elastomer cords (available from Invista), or the like, as well as combinations thereof. The backsheet 40 may include materials that have elastomeric properties through a mechanical process, printing process, heating process or chemical treatment. For example, such materials can be provided with aperture, creped, tapered, heat activated, embossed and micro-tensioned, and can be in the form of films, wefts and laminates.
[71] An example of a material suitable for a biaxially stretchable back sheet 40 is a laminate of breathable elastic / non-woven film, as described in US Patent No. 5,883,028, to Morman et al., Incorporated herein by reference. in a manner that is consistent with the present invention. Examples of materials, exhibiting two-way stretch and retractability, are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,116,662 by Morman and 5,114,781 by Morman, each of which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is consistent with the present invention. These two patents describe elastic composite materials capable of stretching in at least two directions. The materials have at least one elastic sheet and at least one tapered material, or reversibly tapered material, joined to the elastic sheet in at least three locations arranged in a non-linear configuration, so that the tapered, or reversibly tapered, web is grouped between at least two of those locations.
[72] The top sheet 42 is suitably compatible, feels smooth and non-irritating to the wearer's skin. The top sheet 42 is also sufficiently permeable to liquids to allow liquid body exudates to readily penetrate through its thickness to the absorbent core 44. A suitable top sheet 42 can be manufactured from a wide selection of weft materials, such as porous foams, reticulated foams, plastic films with openings, woven and non-woven fabrics, or a combination of any of these materials. For example, the top sheet 42 may include a meltblown weft, a spunbond weft or a carded-bonded weft composed of natural fibers, synthetic fibers or combinations thereof. The top sheet 42 can be composed of a substantially hydrophobic material, and the hydrophobic material can optionally be treated with a surfactant or otherwise processed to impart a desired level of wettability and hydrophilicity.
[73] The top sheet 42 can also be extensible and / or elastomerically extensible. Elastomeric materials, suitable for construction of the top sheet 42, may include elastic cords, LYCRA elastics, cast or blown elastic films, non-woven elastic fabrics, elastomeric fibrous meltblown or spunbond fabrics, as well as combinations thereof. Examples of suitable elastomeric materials include KRATON elastomers, HYTREL elastomers, ESTANE elastomeric polyurethanes (available from Noveon, a business having offices located in Cleveland, Ohio, USA) or PEBAX elastomers. The top sheet 42 can also be made from extensible materials, such as those described in US Patent No. 6,552,245 to Roessler et al., Which is hereby incorporated by reference, in a manner that is compatible with the present invention. The top sheet 42 can also be made from biaxially stretchable materials, as described in US Patent No. 6,969,378 to Vukos et al., Which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is compatible with the present invention. .
[74] Article 20 can additionally optionally include an surge management layer, which can be positioned adjacent to absorbent core 44 and attached to various components in article 20, such as absorbent core 44 or top sheet 42, by methods known in the art, such as using an adhesive.
[75] In general, an outbreak management layer helps to quickly assimilate and spread outbreaks or gulps of liquid that can be quickly introduced into the absorbent structure of the article. The surge management layer can temporarily store the liquid before releasing it into the absorbent core storage or retention portions 44. Examples of suitable surge management layers are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,486,166 by Bishop et al .; 5,490,846 to Ellis et al .; and 5,820,973 to Dodge et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is compatible with the present invention.
[76] Article 20 may additionally comprise an absorbent core 44. The absorbent core 44 may have any of a number of shapes. For example, it can have a two-dimensional or three-dimensional configuration, and it can have a rectangular shape, triangular shape, oval shape, racetrack shape, general hourglass shape, T shape and the like. It is often suitable for the absorbent core 44 to be narrower in the groin portion 26 than in the rear or front portion (s) 24. The absorbent core 44 can be attached to an absorbent article, such as the back sheet 40 and / or the top sheet 42, for example, by connection by connection means known in the art, such as ultrasonic, pressure, adhesive, openings, heat, sewing thread or thread, autogenous or self-adhesive , hook and loop, or any combination thereof.
[77] The absorbent core 44 can be formed using methods known in the art. Although not limited to a specific manufacturing method, the absorbent core can use drum forming systems, for example, see US Patent No. 4,666,647 to Enloe et al., US Patent No. 4,761,258 to Enloe, US Patent No. 6,630,088 to Venturino et al., and US Patent No. 6,330,735 to Hahn et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is compatible with the present invention. Examples of techniques that can introduce a selected amount of optional superabsorbent particles into a forming chamber are described in US Patent No. 4,927,582 to Bryson and in US Patent No. 6,416,697 to Venturino et al., Each of which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is compatible with the present invention.
[78] In some desirable aspects, the absorbent core includes cellulose fiber and / or synthetic fiber, such as meltblown fiber, for example. Therefore, in some ways, a meltblown process can be used, such as forming the absorbent core in a coform line. In some respects, the absorbent core 44 may have a significant amount of stretching capacity. For example, the absorbent core 44 may comprise a fiber matrix, which includes an operative amount of elastomeric polymer fibers. Other methods known in the art may include fixing superabsorbent polymer particles on a stretch film, using a non-woven substrate showing cuts or cracks in its structure, and the like.
[79] The absorbent core 44 may include, in addition or alternatively, absorbent and / or superabsorbent material. Accordingly, the absorbent core 44 may comprise an amount of superabsorbent material and, optionally, fluff contained in a fiber matrix. In some aspects, the total amount of superabsorbent material in the absorbent core 44 can be at least about 10% by weight of the core, such as at least about 30%, or at least about 60% by weight , OR at least about 90%, or between about 10% and about 98% by weight of the core, or between about 30% and about 90% by weight of the core, to provide enhanced benefits. Optionally, the amount of superabsorbent material can be at least about 95% by weight of the core, such as up to 100% by weight of the core. In other respects, the amount of absorbent fiber of the present invention, in the absorbent core 44, can be at least about 5% by weight of the core, such as at least about 30%, or at least about 50% by weight. core weight, or between about 5% and 90%, such as between about 10% and 70% or between 10% and 50% by weight of the core. In still other aspects, the absorbent core 44 may optionally comprise about 35% or less by weight of unmodified fluff, such as about 20% or less, or 10% or less by weight of unmodified fluff.
[80] It should be understood that the absorbent core 44 is not restricted to use with superabsorbent material and, optionally, fluff. In some respects, the absorbent core 44 may additionally include materials, such as surfactants, ion exchange resin particles, moisturizers, emollients, perfumes, fluid modifiers, odor control additives, and the like, and combinations thereof. In addition, the absorbent number 44 may include a foam.
[81] The disposable absorbent article 20 of the present invention also includes a signal composite 110, which is positioned and adapted to create a distinct physical sensation, as the article 20 is discharged from an aqueous liquid. Signal composite 110 can have a longitudinal direction 1 and a transverse direction 2, which together can form a plane when in a planed condition, which is referred to hereinafter as the "x-y plane". The signal composite also has a z 3 direction, which is perpendicular to the x-y plane. As seen in Figure 3, the signal composite 110 can define a surface facing the signal composite body 87, which is intended to be arranged towards the user in use (ie, an internal surface) and a surface facing the Signal composite garment 88 intended to be arranged away from the user in use, opposite the inner surface of the member (i.e., an outer surface).
[82] Signal composite 110 can take any desired shape. For example, it can have a two-dimensional or three-dimensional configuration, and it can have a rectangular shape, triangular shape, circular shape, oval shape, racetrack shape, I shape, general hourglass shape, T shape, and the similar. In some respects, the signal composite 110 may not have a specific defined shape, but, instead, it may have a random shape. Therefore, dimensions at least in the x-y plane can vary as desired. Signal composite 110 may also have a thickness dimension in the z direction, as desired. By way of example only, a suitable thickness of the signal composite 110 may be between 0.2 mm and 10 mm, such as between 0.25 mm and 5 mm or between 0.5 mm and 3 mm, as measured by the thickness. Signal composite 110 may also have a desired stiffness or flexibility. In some desirable aspects, the signal composite 110 will exhibit approximately the same flexibility as the overall flexibility of article 20.
[83] Because the physical sensation that results from the signal composite 110 is noticeable by the user, the user's ability to recognize when a liquid discharge has occurred (and / or is occurring) will be increased. Signal composite 110 can be positioned within article 20 in any operative location, such that a user can detect a physical sensation as a result of signal composite 110 receiving an aqueous liquid discharge. For example, in some respects, the signal composite 110 may be disposed adjacent to and in contact with the body-facing surface of an absorbent core 44. In other respects, the signal composite 110 may be disposed adjacent to and in contact with the surface facing the garment and / or the surface facing the body of a top sheet 42. In still other exemplary aspects, the signal composite 110 can be disposed adjacent to and in contact with the surface facing the the body or surface facing the garment of a surge layer, for example. Other configurations are also suitable for the invention, as would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
[84] The signal composite 110 of the present invention is a laminate comprising a carrier substrate layer 120. The carrier substrate layer 120 is provided by a separate web of material that can be at least partially or fully permeable to liquids. Suitable liquid-permeable materials include layers of tissue paper; non-woven fabrics, such as meltblown, coform, spunbond, spunbond-meltblown-spunbond (SMS), carded-weft (BCW), woven fabric (woven fabric); perforated films; foam layers; and the like. The carrier substrate layer can have a thickness of 0.1 mm to 5 mm, such as 0.1 mm to 3 mm, or 0.1 mm to 1 mm, as measured by the thickness test. Alternatively, the carrier substrate layer 120 may suitably have a weight of about 10 g / m2 to about 100 g / m2, such as about 10 g / m2 to about 80 g / m2, or about 10 g / m2. m2 to about 50 g / m2.
[85] Signal composite 110 also comprises at least a first stimulation layer 132 and a second stimulation layer 134. Each stimulation layer 132, 134 includes a stimulation material 150. The purpose of stimulation material 150 is to provide the user with a noticeable sensation when a fluid discharge is occurring and / or has occurred.
[86] Stimulation material 150 is desirably in the form of a solid, although gels and pastes are also within the scope of the invention. As far as stimulation materials are concerned, the term "solid" can include particles, flakes, fibers, agglomerates, granules, powders, spheres, pulverized materials, tablets or the like, as well as combinations thereof. The solids can have any desired shape, such as, for example, cubic, rod-like, polyhedral, spherical or semi-spherical, rounded or semi-rounded, angular, irregular and the like. Stimulation materials 150, for use in the disposable absorbent article 20, include those that dissolve in an aqueous liquid. The solubility of such stimulating materials 150 is desirably from about 0.1 to about 6 grams of material per gram of water (g / g), such as from about 0.1 g / g to about 3 g / g . In desirable aspects, at least two stimulation layers of the signal composite each comprise at least 50% by weight of stimulation material, which has a solubility of 0.1 grams to 6 grams of material per gram of water (g / g).
[87] As can be appreciated, the signal composite 110 of the present invention can define a total amount of stimulation material 150, by weight. For example, in some respects, each stimulation layer 130 may include 0.5 to 30 grams of stimulation material 150, such as 1 to 20 grams of stimulation material, or 1 to 10 grams of stimulation material. Alternatively, the amount of stimulation material 150 can be expressed in terms of weight. Therefore, the weight of each stimulation layer 130 can vary from about 20 g / m2 (g / m2) to about 1,000 g / m2, such as about 25 g / m2 to about 500 g / m2, or about 50 g / m2 to about 300 g / m2.
[88] In some respects, each stimulation layer 132, 134 can define a particle size distribution of stimulation material 150 in signal composite 110. Therefore, the particle size distribution of stimulation material 150, of each layer 132, 134, can be the same, or can be different. For example, each layer 132, 134 can have a particle size distribution of stimulation material 150 between 90 micrometers and 710 micrometers, such as between 300 micrometers and 500 micrometers. In another example, the first stimulation layer 132 may have a particle size distribution of the stimulation material 150 greater than 500 micrometers, such as between 500 and 710 micrometers, and the second stimulation layer 134 may have a size distribution particle of stimulation material 150 less than 500 micrometers, such as between 90 micrometers and 500 micrometers. It should be understood that, in aspects where the stimulation material is in the form of particles, the invention is not limited to the exemplary stimulation material particle sizes presented above, but, instead, may include particles having sizes ranging from smaller than 90 micrometers (including nanoparticles) to greater than 710 micrometers, as measured by the particle size test.
[89] In general, stimulation material 150 is responsive to contact with an aqueous solution, such as urine, complex fluids 5 or other aqueous body exudates, to provide a stimulation effect, such as release or absorption heat, expelling a gas or applying pressure to the user, for example. In general, the mechanism by which this is accomplished is by dissolving the stimulation material 150 in the aqueous solution, by swelling the material 150 in the aqueous solution, or by reacting the material 150 in the aqueous solution. For example, the stimulation material 150 may include particles that have a substantial energy difference between a dissolved state and a crystalline state, so that energy in the form of heat is absorbed or released into the environment, upon contact with urine, fluids aqueous complexes or other exudations from the body, or the stimulation material 150 can release or absorb energy during swelling or reaction in the aqueous solution. The selection of a specific stimulation material 150 and the determination of the amount to be used should) be based, in part, on the desired stimulation effect.
[90] In some respects, stimulation material 150, of the various aspects of the present invention, may include a substance that provides a change in temperature (referred to herein as a "temperature-changing agent"), when placed nearby to the user and placed in contact with an aqueous liquid. In some ways, the temperature change can be an absorption or a release of heat, which is noticeable by the user. The absorption of heat by the temperature change agent (which is also referred to here as a “cooling agent”) will provide the user with a cool feeling, while a heat release by the temperature change agent (also mentioned here as a “Heating agent”) will provide the user with a warm feeling. Reference is made to the .S Patent Application Publication. No. 2004/0254549 to Olson et al., Hereby incorporated by reference, in a manner; that is consistent with the present invention, for additional information with respect to the mechanism by which the sensation of temperature change is made. In some respects, cooling agents or heating agents can be supplied in particulate form for ease of processing in the described modalities. To illustrate, in aspects where the stimulation material 150 is a temperature-changing agent, signal composite 110 can adequately provide a temperature change (i.e., cooler, warmer, or both) when flushed with an aqueous liquid. at least about 2 ° C, such as at least about 5 ° C, or at least about 10 ° C, or between 3 ° C and 15 ° C, for example.
[91] In some respects, the stimulation material 150 may include a temperature-changing agent in the form of a cooling agent, which may include those substances that absorb heat upon dissolution from a discharge. For example, polyols, such as xylitol particles, can be selected as cooling agents, to provide a cooling sensation, since xylitol particles absorb heat when dissolved in an aqueous liquid. Alternatively, other polyols, such as sorbitol or erythritol, can be advantageously selected to provide a cooling sensation. In still other aspects, various combinations of the above stimulating materials 150 can be used. Suitable polyols can be obtained from Roquette America, Inc., a company with offices in Keokuk, Iowa, USA, under the trade name XYLISORB (xylitol) or NEOSORB (sorbitol). Such 5 polyols, in general, can be obtained from the manufacturer in specific particle sizes, such as 90 micrometers, 300 micrometers, 500 micrometers, and the like, for disposal in stimulation layers 132, 134.
[92] Other suitable stimulation materials 150, which absorb heat during dissolution, include salt hydrates, such as sodium acetate (H2O), sodium carbonate (H2O), sodium sulfate (H2O), sodium thiosulfate (H2O ) and sodium phosphate (H2O); anhydrous salts, such as ammonium nitrate; potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium nitrate; organic compounds, such as urea, and the like or combinations thereof.
[93] In some respects, the stimulation material 150 may include a temperature-changing agent in the form of a heating agent, which may include those substances that release heat during dissolution from a discharge. Examples of materials that release heat during dissolution include manganese chloride, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum potassium sulfate, and the like or combinations thereof. In some respects, the heating agent can also include those substances, which release heat during swelling.
[94] Stimulation material 150 may also include ortho esters or ketals, such as menthol ketals, which result from the reaction of menthol with alcohols containing 1 to 8 carbons or polyols containing 2 to 8 carbons, and all optical and structural isomers of the same. Specific Mentone Ketals, which may be suitable include Mentone-glycerol ketal and Mentone-propylene glycol ketal. Other suitable ketals are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,348,750 to Greenberg, and in U.S. Patent No. 5,266,592 to Grub et al., Which are incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is consistent with the present invention.
[95] The selection of a specific temperature change agent and the determination of the amount to be used should be based, in part, on the desired temperature change. For example, in some aspects, the total amount of stimulation material 150, present in the signal composite 110, can vary from a weight of about 40 g / m2 to about 3,000 g / m2, such as about 100 g / m2. m2 to about 2,000 g / m2, or from about 300 g / m2 to about 1,000 g / m2. Furthermore, as referenced above, in some respects, the disposable absorbent article 20 desirably provides a change in surface temperature when wet, from about 2 ° C to 15 ° C. To achieve this result, the temperature-changing substance and the amount used must be selected, so that the total possible energy change is from about 12.56 to about 125.6 J / cm2 (about 3 to about 30 calories per square centimeter 5 (cal / cm2)), which can represent either a possible total energy release from about 12.56 to about 125.6 J / cm2 (about 3 to about 30 cal / cm2) or a possible total energy absorption of about 12.56 to about 125.6 J / cm2 (about 3 to about 30 cal / cm2), such as from about 25.12 to about 100, 48 J / cm2 (about 6 to about 24 cal / cm2), or about 50.24 to about 75.36 J / cm2 (about 12 to about 18 cal / cm2).
[96] Temperature change agents, which absorb or release heat in contact with an aqueous solution, desirably have a heat of solution, hydration or reaction greater than about 125.6 J / g (30 cal / g), or less than about -125.6 J / g (-30 cal / g). The heat of the solution, hydration, or reaction is suitably in the range of about 125.6 to about 376.8 J / g (30 to about 90 cal / g) or between about -125.6 to about -376.8 J / g (-30 to about -90 cal / g), such as from about 125.6 J / g to about 293 J / g (30 to about 70 cal / g) or from about -125.6 J / g to about -293 J / g (-30 to about -70 cal / g), such as xylitol at -133 J / g (-32 cal / g) or urea at 251.2 J / g (-60 cal / g).
[97] In some respects, stimulation material 150 may include a pressure-changing agent. Such material can result in an expansion of pressure change, frothing, effervescence, bubbling, gas release or other physical sensation, such as when the user can feel a tingling sensation and / or hear a popping sound, for example.
[98] In some respects, signal composite 110 can be adapted to provide the user with a sense of dimensional expansion or contraction. Dimensional change elements of this type are described in more detail in U.S. Patent No. 5,649,914 to Glaug et al., Which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is consistent with the present invention. A pressure-changing agent in the form of a dimensionally changing material includes materials that rapidly undergo change in at least one dimension when exposed to an aqueous solution. The dimensional change is suitably either as an expansion to at least about 2 times a dry dimension or as a contraction to less than about half (1/2) of the dry dimension. For example, the dimensionally changing material may have a wet height dimension that is at least about 2 times greater than its dry height dimension, such as at least about 5 times greater for improved performance. The height dimension of the dimensional change material is in the z 3 direction of the sign composite 110, so that the dimensional change is noticeable to the user of the absorbent article 20. In other respects, the direction - x 1 and / or the y direction 2 of the signal composite 110 may, additionally or alternatively, remain the same, expand or contract when exposed to an aqueous solution. Materials suitable for use in dimensional change material include expandable, superabsorbent foams, or the like.
[99] In some ways, the pressure-changing agent produces a gas, such as carbon dioxide. Gas generation materials of this type are described in more detail in U.S. Patent No. 7,002,055 to Long et al., Which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is consistent with the present invention. The gas produced when wetting it with urine, complex fluids or other exudations from the body can produce a sound, a smell, a tingling sensation or apply pressure to the user.
[100] In some respects, signal composite 110 may optionally include a surfactant. In some respects, gas-producing materials can interact with the surfactant to produce a foam that applies pressure to the user. Therefore, the surfactant component can be present as a defoaming agent. For example, when a gas, such as carbon dioxide, is produced, the gas interacts with the surfactant and a bubble-filled foam is produced. These bubbles cause the article to swell and push against the user's skin to alert the user to a discharge of liquid.
[101] The surfactant used is not critical, as long as it does not substantially irritate the skin upon contact, or adversely affects the effectiveness of the stimulation material 150. A wide variety of surfactants may be suitable for use in accordance with the present invention. For example, suitable surfactants include anionic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, cationic surfactants and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable anionic surfactants include alkyl benzenesulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, sulfosuccinates, and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable nonionic surfactants include ethoxylated alcohols, fatty acid alkanolamides, ethoxylated alkanolamides, amine oxides, and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable amphoteric surfactants include alkyl betaine, starch betaine, and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable cationic surfactants include alkyl ammonium halides. In some aspects, the signal composite 110 can include from about 0.1 grams to about 15 grams of surfactant.
[102] In other respects, a pressure-changing agent, in the form of a gas-producing material, may include a solid water-soluble effervescent material. Typically, such a water-soluble effervescent material comprises cells containing pressurized gas. When the solid material containing cells containing pressurized gas comes into contact with urine or other exudations from the body, the solid material will begin to dissolve and the pressurized gas will be released from the cells during dissolution of the solid material. In some respects, this gas can interact with an optional surfactant and produce foam and bubbles that cause article 20 to pressure or apply pressure to the user's skin.
[103] In that regard, soluble effervescent solid material may include a sugar compound, such as a monosaccharide, disaccharide or polysaccharide, that has been infused with a gas that is substantially non-reactive with human skin. Gases suitable for infusion into a solid material include, for example, carbon dioxide, air, nitrogen, argon, helium, other substantially inert gases, and combinations thereof. Specific examples of saccharides, which can be used according to the present invention, include glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, dextrin, cyclodextrin, and the like, or combinations thereof. In addition, a mixture of sucrose with corn syrup (containing glucose, maltose and dextrin) can be used, in accordance with that aspect of the present invention, to produce an effervescent, gas-containing material. Other examples of compounds, which are capable of being prepared in such a way as to trap pressurized gas in cells, include, for example, water-soluble compounds, such as salts, alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides. Specific salts useful in the present invention include, for example, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, lithium chloride, cesium chloride, and the like. In some respects, the cells containing the pressurized gas have a diameter of about 5 micrometers to about 100 micrometers.
[104] A substantially non-reactive gas can be infused into the cells of the soluble solid material to produce an effervescent material useful in the present invention, first by heating starting material, such as sugar, in a small amount of water until the material is dissolved. After dissolving the material, the water is removed by evaporation leaving the material in a molten state. The molten material is then gassed by introducing a suitable gas, such as carbon dioxide, at superatmospheric pressure, into a sealed container containing the molten material. The molten material is stirred during gasification to ensure close contact between the molten material and the gas. Pressures of, for example, between about 50 psig (340 kPa) and about 1,000 psig (6,890 kPa) can be used to infuse the gas into the melt. After the gas infusion, molten material is allowed to solidify while kept in the sealed container, to produce an effervescent material. A suitable procedure for producing a solid gas-containing material is shown in U.S. Patent No. 4,289,794 to Kleiner et al., Which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is consistent with the present invention. The above procedure can produce solid effervescent materials containing pressurized gas cells from about 50 psig (340 kPa) to about 900 psig (6,200 kPa), which, when exposed to urine, complex fluids or other exudations from the body, allow the release of the trapped gas.
[105] In some respects, the pressure-changing agent, comprising a gas-producing material, includes at least one acid and at least one base. The acid and base react with each other when wet, to produce a gas that can be, for example, carbon dioxide gas. The exact gas produced by the gas-producing system is not critical, as long as the gas produced is substantially not harmful to the user's skin.
[106] In some respects, the stimulation material 150 may be a gas-generating material, which includes a polymeric acid and a complementary base, resulting in an acid-base reaction. Suitable acidic polymers must be readily soluble in water or wettable in water. Examples of suitable polymeric acids include, but are not limited to, poly (acrylic acids), polystyrene phosphorus acids, and the like. In some respects, the polymeric acid may be a "bidentate" or higher-order acid. By "bidentate or higher order", it is understood that the polymeric acid has more than one acid group in its smallest polymer building block. This can be easily understood when comparing ascorbic acid with tartronic acid (two groups of acid) and citric acid (three groups of acid). In some aspects, polymeric acids can be a dendrimer or the like, where the surface and interior of the dendrimer are fully functionalized with groups of acid.
[107] Other examples of suitable acids include, but are not limited to, acetic acid, lactic acid, amino acid, ascorbic acid, glycolic acid, salicylic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, EDTA, tartronic acid, poly (acrylic acid), maleic acid, phosphonic acid, and the like. Some non-limiting examples of polymeric acids are presented below: Examples of simple polymeric acids include:
• Examples of polymeric dicarboxylic acids include:
• Examples of polymeric tricarboxylic acids include:
Examples of poly (acrylic acids) include:

• An example of dedrimeric acids includes:
• An example of strong polymeric acids includes:

[108] includes a base, and can also include amphoteric substances that can react as an acid or as a base. For example, sodium bicarbonate (an amphoteric compound) has a pKa of 6.3 in water and makes the aqueous solutions slightly alkaline. The reaction of sodium bicarbonate and an acid (for example, acetic acid) results in a salt and carbonic acid, which readily decomposes into carbon dioxide and water.
[109] In some ways, it may be desirable to maximize the bicarbonate load. For example, some non-limiting examples may include the following: • Tartaric acid and other cost-effective 5 dicarboxylic acids (two acid groups) • Citric acid and other cost-effective tricarboxylic acids (three acid groups) • EDTA ( four acid groups) • Polymeric acids (two equivalent acid groups can be obtained as dicarboxylic acids)
[110] In some respects, it may be desirable to control the pH of molar molasses. To demonstrate, a non-limiting example of sodium bicarbonate will be used. For exemplary purposes only, a complete reaction between sodium bicarbonate and acids with a final pH of about 7 will be assumed (although it is understood that a slight excess of the base may be preferred for maximum carbon dioxide generation).
[111] Molar ratios of sodium bicarbonate: acid - 1.05: 1 - 1.10: 1 - 1.25: 1
[112] Monodentate acid versus sodium bicarbonate - 1: 1 ratio
[113] Bidentate acid versus sodium bicarbonate - 1: 1 ratio if only one acid group reacts - 0.5 (acid): 1 ratio if two acid groups react
[114] Tridentate acid versus sodium bicarbonate - 1: 1 ratio if only one acid group reacts - 0.5 (acid): 1 ratio if two acid groups react - 0.33 (acid): 1 ratio three groups of acid react
[115] Tetradentate acid versus sodium bicarbonate - 1: 1 ratio if only one acid group reacts - 0.5 (acid): 1 ratio if two acid groups react - 0.33 (acid): 1 ratio three acid groups react - 0.25 (acid) ratio: 1 if four acid groups react
[116] In some respects, the stimulation material 150 can be encapsulated in a water-soluble casing material prior to introduction into the signal composite 110. For example, if the signal composite 110 includes an acid and a base, the acid and the base can be separately encapsulated in a soluble encapsulating material, to keep the components separate until moistened. Alternatively, the acid and base components can be encapsulated together if reactivity between the acid and the base in the absence of an aqueous liquid is not a concern. An optional surfactant can also be separately encapsulated, or it can be encapsulated with the acid and / or the base in this example. It is understood that the encapsulation can be used with other types of stimulation materials described here.
[117] The wrapping material used for encapsulation can be suitably constructed of a material such that it releases the encapsulated material upon contact with aqueous liquids, such as urine, complex fluids or other exudations from the body. Aqueous liquids can cause the casing material to dissolve, disperse, swell or disintegrate, or the casing material can be permeable such that it disintegrates or discharges the encapsulated material upon contact with the aqueous liquids . Suitable wrapping materials include cellulose-based polymeric materials (for example, ethyl cellulose), carbohydrate-based materials (for example, starches and sugars) and materials derived therefrom (for example, dextrins and cyclodextrins) as well as other materials compatible with human tissues.
[118] The thickness of the wrapper may vary depending on the encapsulated material, and is generally manufactured to allow the encapsulated component to be covered with a thin layer of encapsulation material, which can be a monolayer or thicker laminate. , or it can be a composite layer. The layer must be thick enough to resist fracture or breakage of the wrapper during handling or transportation 1 of the product or during use which would result in the breaking of the encapsulating material. The wrapping material must also be constructed in such a way that moisture, from atmospheric conditions during storage, transport or use, does not cause degradation of the microencapsulation layer.
[119] In some respects, at least one of the stimulation layers may additionally comprise a beneficial additive that provides an additional benefit to the user. Exemplary beneficial additives include surfactants, ion exchange resin particles, moisturizers, emollients, perfumes, fluid modifiers, odor control additives, pH skin buffers, vaginal health care additives, skin health coating materials , vitamins, medicines, and the like. However, for any given stimulation layer 130 of the present invention, at least 50% by weight of the material in the stimulation layer 130 must be the stimulation material 150, such as 75% by weight, or more.
[120] In addition to the carrier substrate layer 120 and the stimulation layers 130, the signal composite 110 also includes at least two layers of thermoplastic adhesive 140. The purpose of the layers of thermoplastic adhesive 140 is to assist in securing the stimulation materials 150 in the stimulation layers 130, and, in general, holding the signal composite 110 together to form a laminated structure. For example, with reference to Figures 4 and 5, a first thermoplastic layer 142 is disposed between the carrier substrate layer 120 and the first stimulation layer 132. In addition, a second layer of thermoplastic adhesive 144 is disposed between the first layer of stimulation 132 and the second stimulation layer 134.
[121] Desirably, each layer of thermoplastic adhesive 140 is strong enough to operatively maintain the integrity of the signal composite 110 when the laminate is substantially dry. In addition, in some respects, at least one layer of thermoplastic adhesive 140 has sufficient strength to generally maintain the integrity of the laminate when the signal composite is discharged with an aqueous liquid. In some respects, the retention resistance of at least one layer of thermoplastic adhesive 140, however, can be configured low enough to substantially avoid excessive swelling restriction, particularly when at least one of the stimulation layers 130 comprises a change agent. pressure.
[122] The layers of thermoplastic adhesive 140 may each be the same, or may be different from each other. Materials, which are suitable for forming thermoplastic adhesive layers 140, include those that exhibit adhesive properties when transitioning from a molten to a solid state. In some respects, the adhesive composition is suitably a hot melt adhesive. Such an adhesive generally comprises one or more polymers to provide cohesive strength, such as aliphatic polyolefins, such as poly (ethylene-co-propylene), polyamides, polyesters and / or combinations of polyethers; ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers; styrene-butadiene or styrene-isoprene block copolymers; and the like.
[123] As an example, the hot melt adhesive may contain from about 15 to about 50 weight percent of cohesive strength polymers or polymers; from about 30 to about 65 weight percent of resin or other adhesive or adhesives; more than zero to about 30 weight percent plasticizer or other viscosity modifier; and optionally less than about 1 weight percent of stabilizer or other additive. It should be understood that other hot melt adhesive formulations are possible, comprising different weight percentages of these components. It is also contemplated that the adhesive composition can be either hydrophilic or hydrophobic without departing from the scope of this invention.
[124] Examples of suitable materials include hydrophobic and hydrophilic hot melt dough polymers 5, such as those available from National Starch and Chemical Co. (featuring a business location in Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA), such as 34-5610 , 34-447A, 70-3998 and 33-2058; those available from Bostik-Findley (featuring a business location in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA), such as HX 4207-01, HX 2773-01, H2525A, H2800; and those available from H.B. Fuller Adhesives (featuring a business location in Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA), such as HL8151-XZP. Other adhesives are further described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2005/0096623 to Sawyer et al., Which is incorporated herein by reference, in a manner that is consistent with the present invention.
[125] It is also contemplated that alternative adhesives can be used, without departing from the scope of this invention. Examples of alternative adhesives include poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO); poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG); poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVOH); starch derivatives, such as starch ethers, carboxymethyl starch, cationic starch, hydroxy alkyl alkyl starch, and the like, for example, hydroxy ethyl ethyl starch, hydroxy propyl starch and hydroxy butyl starch; cellulose derivatives, such as cellulose ethers, hydroxy-alkyl-cellulose, for example, hydroxy-ethyl-cellulose, hydroxy-propyl-cellulose, methyl-cellulose, methyl-propyl-cellulose, carboxy-methyl-cellulose, and the like ; poly (acrylic acid); poly (vinyl methyl ether); carrageenan; water-soluble alkyd resins; or the like, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and combinations thereof. In addition, thermoplastic adhesive fibers, such as thermoplastic binder fibers, can also be used.
[126] The thermoplastic adhesive layers 140 can each be applied by means well known in the art. Exemplary means include, but are not limited to, meltblowing, atomization, crack coating and the like. In some respects, each layer of thermoplastic adhesive 140 can have a thickness of about 0.01 mm to about 0.5 mm. Alternatively, the layers of thermoplastic adhesive 140 can be expressed in terms of weight. Therefore, the weight of each layer of thermoplastic adhesive 140 can vary from about 2 g / m2 to about 50 g / m2, such as from about 2 g / m2 to about 25 g / m2. In still other aspects, the total amount of thermoplastic adhesive, in the layers of thermoplastic adhesive 140, can be about 2-15% by weight of the total weight of all stimulation layers 130 in the signal composite.
[127] In some respects, it may be desirable for the layers of thermoplastic adhesive 140 to be liquid permeable.
[128] However, in cases where the thermoplastic adhesive layers 140 are not permeable to liquids, the layers can be made permeable by piercing the signal composite 110. Means for piercing materials are well known in the art and include, but are not limited to, needle drilling, air jet, and the like. In other respects, it may be desirable for the layers of thermoplastic adhesive 140 to be water-soluble.
[129] In some respects, it may be desirable to additionally include an additional liquid-permeable layer 160 to the surface facing body 87 of signal composite 110, as seen in the exemplary embodiment of Figure 5, thus forming a new surface facing the 87A body. The illustrated example comprises a carrier substrate layer 120, a first layer of thermoplastic adhesive 142, a first layer of stimulation 132, a second layer of thermoplastic adhesive 144, a second layer of stimulation 134, a third layer of thermoplastic adhesive 146, and an additional liquid-permeable layer 160. The additional liquid-permeable layer 160 can be included for many reasons, including, but not limited to, reducing the abrasion of the surface facing the body of the signal composite 110, providing a means for including a graphic printed on the signal composite 110, or numerous other wishes. Liquid-permeable materials, suitable for the additional liquid-permeable layer 160, include tissue paper layers: non-woven, such as meltblown, coform, spunbond, spunbond-meltblown-spunbond (SMS), bonded weft (BCW), woven fabric (woven fabric), perforated films, foam layers, and the like. The additional liquid-permeable layer 160 can suitably weigh from about 10 g / m2 to about 50 g / m2, such as about 10 g / m2 to about 30 g / m2, or about 10 g / m2 at about 20 g / m2.
[130] The construction of the signal composite 110 of the present invention can be carried out by any suitable method well known to those skilled in the art. Figure 6 illustrates an exemplary process for constructing signal composite 110. A carrier substrate layer 120 is supported on a support belt 584. Support belt 584 is supported on two or more cylinders 586A and 586B provided with drive means suitable (not shown) for moving the belt 584. The carrier substrate layer 120 passes under a first meltblown process 570A, which applies a first layer of thermoplastic adhesive 142 to the top surface of the carrier substrate layer 120. The composite then , passes under a first gravimetric feeder 575A, which deposits stimulation material 150 (and any other beneficial additives) on the top surface of the first layer of adherent thermoplastic adhesive 142, to provide a first stimulation layer 132. The composite then passes under a second meltblown process 570B, which applies a second layer of thermoplastic adhesive 144 to the top surface of the first stimulation layer 132. The composite then passes under a second gravimetric feeder 575B, which deposits stimulation material 150 (and any other beneficial additives), on the top surface of the second layer of adherent thermoplastic adhesive 144, to provide a second stimulation layer 134 , thereby providing an exemplary signal composite 110 of the present invention. Other methods for constructing the laminated signal composite 110 will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
[131] It is understood that the signal composite 110 of the present invention is not limited to two layers of stimulation 130. Instead, the signal composite can have any number of layers of stimulation 130 as desired (with 30 layers of adhesive corresponding thermoplastic 140 arranged between them), provided that it has at least two layers of stimulation, each stimulation layer comprising at least 50% by weight of stimulation material 150 having a solubility of 0.1 grams to 6 grams of material per gram of water. For example, signal composite 110 may comprise 2-15 layers of stimulation 130, such as 2-10 or 2-5 layers of stimulation for improved performance. For example, for a signal composite having at least two layers of stimulation and two layers of thermoplastic adhesive, the signal composite may additionally comprise 1-13 additional layers of stimulation, and 1-13 layers of additional thermoplastic adhesive, in such a way. that the additional thermoplastic adhesive layers and the additional stimulation layers are arranged in an alternative manner. In addition, each layer of the signal composite 110 may or may not be coextensive with another layer in the longitudinal direction 1 and / or in the transverse direction 2.
[132] Signal composite 110, as illustrated in the figures, is generally rectangular. However, as noted above, the signal composite can take on any of several formats. In some aspects, the signal composite can be attached to an absorbent article, such as the absorbent core, a surge layer and / or a top sheet for example, by connection means known in the art, such as ultrasonic, by pressure , by adhesive, by the formation of openings, by heat, by sewing with thread or thread, autogenous or self-adhesive, or the like, and combinations thereof. In other respects, the signal composite can be free floating within the article. In addition, signal composite 110 may be present in article 20 as a single layer or as multiple layers, such as strips.
[133] Although a training pants has been described for exemplary purposes, it is understood that the sign composite of the present invention may be suitable for other absorbent personal care articles. For example, Figure 7 shows an absorbent article 220 in the form of a female sanitary napkin having a top sheet 242, a back sheet 240, an absorbent core 244, a surge layer 246 and a peeling strip 278. The absorbent article 220 further comprises a separate signal composite 210, disposed between the topsheet 242 and the surge layer 246.
[134] The present invention can be better understood with reference to the following examples. EXAMPLES Example 1
[135] In this example, a signal composite was produced primarily by providing a spunbond-meltblown-spunbond-bearing substrate layer comprising polypropylene (available from Kimberly-Clark Corporation, featuring a business location in Neenah, Wisconsin, USA) featuring a weight of 18 g / m2. A first layer of thermoplastic adhesive was applied to the entire top surface of the carrier substrate layer using a meltblown process at 160 ° C first. The first layer of thermoplastic adhesive consisted of hot melt dough polymer National Starch 345610 (available from National Starch and Chemical Company, featuring a business location in Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA) and weighed 7 g / m2. The meltblown process conditions were as follows: • Line speed - 15.2 meters / min. • Mold Angle (degrees from horizontal) - 752 • Formation Height (cm) - 23 cm • Primary Air Pressure (kPa) - 138 kPa • Polymer Melting Mass Temperature - 160 ° C • Adhesive Polymer - Hot melting dough from National Starch 34-5610
[136] Immediately after the first layer of thermoplastic adhesive was applied to the carrier substrate layer (that is, while the adhesive layer was still sticky), a layer of xylitol particles was applied to the entire top surface of the first layer of adhesive using a CHRISTY Dry Material Dispensing Machine (available from Christy Machine Company, featuring a business location in Fremont, Ohio, USA) located at a distance of 30.5 cm towards the machine from the first meltblown unit, to form a first stimulation layer with a weight of 175 g / m2.
[137] A second layer of thermoplastic adhesive, consisting of National Starch 34-5610 hot melt dough polymer and weighing 7 g / m2, was applied to the top surface of the first stimulation layer using the meltblown unit of same style and presenting the same process conditions as for the first layer of thermoplastic adhesive. Immediately after the second layer of thermoplastic adhesive was applied to the top surface of the first stimulation layer (that is, while the adhesive layer was still sticky), a layer of xylitol particles was applied to the entire top surface of the second layer of stimulation. adhesive, using a CHRISTY Dry Material Dispensing Machine located at a distance of 30.5 cm in the machine direction, from the second meltblown unit, to form a second stimulation layer with a weight of 175 g / m2.
[138] A third layer of thermoplastic adhesive, consisting of National Starch 34-5610 hot melt dough polymer and weighing 7 g / m2, was applied using the same style meltblown unit and presenting the same process conditions than for the first layer of thermoplastic adhesive. Immediately after the third layer of thermoplastic adhesive was applied to the top surface of the second stimulation layer (that is, while the adhesive layer was still sticky), a 16 g / m2 tissue paper substrate, consisting of 100% in weight of NB 416 (a targeted southern softwood kraft pulp, available from Weyerhaeuser Co., having a business location in Federal Way, Washington, USA) was applied to the entire top surface of the third layer of adhesive, thereby completing the signal composite.
[139] With reference to Figure 8A, a 7.6 cm by 7.6 cm sample was cut from the signal composite to form a sample of the signal composite 810, which was then placed between the absorbent core 844 and the top sheet 842, of training pants 820, between groin region 826 and front region 822. Although Figure 8A illustrates training pants 820 in general, the actual training pants used for this example was a current size 2T-3T HUGGIES PULL-UPS training pants (available from Kimberly-Clark Corporation, featuring a business location in Neenah, Wisconsin, USA). A flexible plastic tube 870, with a length of about 30 cm and an internal diameter per external diameter of 3.2 mm x 4.8 mm (Catalog No. available 89068-530 from VWR International, LLC, featuring a location business in WestChester, Pennsylvania, USA) was fixed to the body-facing surface of the top sheet 842, using tape 875, such that one end of tube 870 was positioned about 25 mm below the top edge 862, of the composite signal sample 810 (as seen through the top sheet 842), and from there extended upwards through the front region 822 and beyond the approximate transverse center, 2, of the top edge 864, of the training pants 820. In addition In addition, a flexible thermocouple 880 was also attached to the body-facing surface of the top sheet 842, using adhesive tape 875, such that the end of the thermocouple 880 was positioned in the transverse 2 and longitudinal center 1 of the composite sample. of signal 810, and from there extended upwards through the front region 822 and beyond the top edge 864, of the training pants 820.
[140] With additional reference to Figure 8B, the modified training pants 820 was then adapted over a glass container 890 with a 2,000 ml double jacket, such that the groin region 826 was located at the bottom of the container glass 890, and the front region 822 and the back region 824 were positioned around the sides of the bottle 890. The bottle 890 contained water in both chambers of the container 890, presenting a temperature of 37 ° C at a level that extended in addition to the top edges 864, 866 of the training pants 820. The purpose of the container 890 with water was to simulate conditions of the training pants 820 and the signal composite 810 being disposed against a user's body at constant body temperature. When the temperature of training pants 820 reached equilibrium, as determined by thermocouple 880, the temperature was recorded as the baseline temperature. Then, 50 ml of water at 37 ° C was injected into tube 870 over a period of 8 seconds, using a syringe, so that the water was discharged into training pants 820 at the site of the signal composite 810. Using the thermocouple 880, the temperature of training pants 820 at the signal composite 810 site was monitored for 5 minutes. The temperature in 5 minutes was then recorded. The temperature in 5 minutes was then subtracted from the baseline temperature, which resulted in a temperature change of -6.0 ° C.
[141] The results of this example show that the signal composite of the present invention not only provides a significant cooling effect after the aqueous discharge, but also shows that the unique structure of the signal composite continues to provide a cooling effect, even after 5 minutes after the water discharge. Example 2
[142.] In this example, a signal composite was produced in the same way, using the same materials and the same process conditions as Example 1 above, to form a sample of signal composite 810. The flexible plastic tube 870 and the flexible thermocouple 880 was also attached to training pants 820, in the same way as in Example 1 above. However, in this Example 2, the second simulation layer, with a weight of 172 g / m2, consisted of 75% by weight of xylitol and 25% by weight of super absorbent material FAVOR SXM 9500 (available from Evonik Stockhausen, presenting a businesses in Greensboro, North Carolina, USA), instead of 100% by weight of xylitol, as in Example 1 above. In addition, before inserting the signal composite sample 810 of this Example 2 into training pants 820, between the top sheet 842 and the absorbent core 842, the thickness (mm) of the signal composite sample 810 was measured using if the thickness test, and the result was recorded as the baseline thickness.
[143.] The modified training pants 820 of this Example 2 was then adapted over the glass container 890 with a double jacket, as in Figure 8B, such that the groin region 826 was positioned at the bottom of the container 890 , and the front region 822 and the rear region 824 were positioned around the sides of container 890. Container 890 again contained water in both chambers, presenting a temperature of 37 ° C, at a level that extended beyond the edges of top 864, 866, of training pants 820. When the temperature of training pants 820 reached equilibrium, as determined by thermocouple 880, the temperature was recorded as the baseline temperature. Then, 50 ml of water at 37 ° C was injected into tube 870 over a period of 8 seconds, using a syringe, so that the water was discharged into training pants 820 at the site of the signal composite 810. Using the thermocouple 880, the temperature of training pants 820, at the site of signal composite 810, was monitored for 5 minutes. The temperature in 5 minutes was then recorded. The temperature in 5 minutes was then subtracted from the baseline temperature, which resulted in a temperature change of -6.5 ° C.
[144] In addition, in this Example 2, training pants 820 were immediately removed from container 890, at a 5 minute point, signal composite 810 was carefully extracted from training pants 820, and the thickness (mm) of the composite signal strength was immediately measured using the thickness test. The result was recorded as the thickness after unloading. The baseline thickness was then subtracted from the thickness after unloading to provide the thickness change, and the% expansion in the z direction was calculated using the following formula, resulting in a% expansion of about 300% in the z direction: Change in thickness (mm) / Baseline thickness (mm) x 100% =% expansion
[145] The results of this Example 2 show that the signal composite of the present invention not only provides a significant cooling effect after the aqueous discharge, but also shows that the unique structure of the signal composite continues to provide a cooling effect even after minutes after the water discharge. This example further demonstrates that the presence of 25% by weight of superabsorbent in the second stimulation layer further extends the time scale of the cooling effect, as evidenced by an even greater change in temperature from the baseline temperature in 5 minutes. after discharge, when compared to Example 1. In addition, the advantage of adding an additional additive to at least one of the stimulation layers, of the signal composite, resulted in a pressure change effect, in addition to the cooling effect, as evidenced by an expansion in the z direction, of the signal composite, of about 300%. In addition, the presence of at least 25% by weight of superabsorbent, in at least one of the stimulation layers, can potentially help to reduce leakage from the training pants, by providing an additional absorption function before the absorbent core.
[146] It will be appreciated that details of the above examples, given for purposes of illustration, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Although only a few exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that many modifications are possible in the examples, without departing materially from the new teachings and advantages of this invention. For example, features described in relation to an example can be incorporated into any other example of the invention.
[147] Consequently, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention, which is defined in the following claims and all equivalents thereof. In addition, it is recognized that many modalities can be designed, which do not achieve all the advantages of some modalities, particularly the desirable modalities, although the absence of a specific advantage is not interpreted to necessarily mean that such a modality is outside the scope of present invention. Since several changes could be made to the constructions above without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matters contained in the description above are interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[0001]
1. Absorbent article characterized by comprising: a signal composite; wherein the signal composite has a surface facing the body, a surface facing the garment, a longitudinal direction, a transverse direction and a z direction; wherein the signal composite comprises a carrier substrate layer, a first stimulation layer, a second stimulation layer, a first layer of thermoplastic adhesive and a second layer of thermoplastic adhesive; wherein the carrier substrate layer is liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is arranged as a bottom layer of the sign composite in the z direction to provide the surface facing the garment of the sign composite; wherein the first stimulation layer comprises a first stimulation material and is arranged above, and adjacent to, the carrier substrate layer; wherein the second stimulation layer comprises a second stimulation material and is arranged above, and adjacent to, the first stimulation layer to provide the body-facing surface of the signal composite; wherein the first layer of thermoplastic adhesive is liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is disposed between, and adjacent to, the carrier substrate layer and the first stimulation layer; wherein the second layer of thermoplastic adhesive is liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is disposed between the first stimulation layer and the second stimulation layer; and wherein each stimulation layer comprises at least 50% by weight of stimulation material having a solubility of 0.1 grams to 6 grams of material per gram of water.
[0002]
2. Absorbent article, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the carrier substrate layer has a weight from 10 g / m2 to 50 g / m2, and / or in which each of the first stimulation layer and the second stimulation layer has a weight of 25 g / m2 to 500 g / m2, and / or each one of the first layer of thermoplastic adhesive and the second layer of thermoplastic adhesive has a weight of 2 g / m2 at 25 g / m2.
[0003]
3. Absorbent article according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the carrier substrate layer has a thickness in the z direction from 0.1 mm to 1 mm, and / or in which the signal composite has a thickness in the z direction from 0.25 mm to 5 mm, as measured by the thickness test.
[0004]
4. Absorbent article according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the carrier substrate layer is one of a non-woven substrate or thermoplastic water-soluble polymer film.
[0005]
5. Absorbent article according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that at least one of the first stimulation layer and the second stimulation layer comprises a stimulation material in the form of a cooling agent, wherein the cooling agent cooling is selected from xylitol, sorbitol or urea.
[0006]
6. Absorbent article according to claim 1, characterized in that the first stimulation layer comprises stimulation material in the form of a cooling agent, and the second stimulation layer comprises stimulation material in the form of a heating agent, or wherein the second stimulation layer comprises stimulation material in the form of a cooling person and a pressure-changing agent.
[0007]
7. Absorbent article according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that each of the first layer of thermoplastic adhesive and the second layer of thermoplastic adhesive is hydrophobic.
[0008]
8. Absorbent article according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that each of the carrier substrate layer, the first stimulation layer, the second stimulation layer, the first layer of thermoplastic adhesive and the second layer of adhesive thermoplastic are coextensive in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
[0009]
Absorbent article according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal composite additionally comprises at least one additional stimulation layer and at least one additional thermoplastic adhesive layer, wherein at least one additional stimulation layer is disposed above, and adjacent to, the second stimulation layer, and wherein the at least one additional thermoplastic adhesive layer is liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is disposed between, and adjacent to, the second stimulation layer and the hair minus an additional stimulation layer.
[0010]
Absorbent article according to claim 9, characterized in that the signal composite additionally comprises 1-13 additional stimulation layers and 1-13 additional thermoplastic adhesive layers, such that the additional thermoplastic adhesive layers and the additional stimulation layers are arranged in an alternating manner.
[0011]
11. Absorbent article according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal composite additionally comprises an additional liquid-permeable substrate layer and an additional thermoplastic adhesive layer, wherein the additional liquid-permeable substrate layer is disposed above, and adjacent to, the second stimulation layer, and wherein the additional thermoplastic adhesive layer is liquid-permeable or water-soluble and is disposed between, and adjacent to, the second stimulation layer and the permeable substrate layer at additional liquids.
[0012]
12. Absorbent article according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal composite comprises 2-15 layers of stimulation and 2-15 layers of thermoplastic adhesive; wherein the stimulation layers comprise; each stimulating material and are each arranged above and adjacent to the carrier substrate layer; wherein one of the stimulation layers is arranged as a top layer of the signal composite in the z direction to provide the body-facing surface; wherein each layer of thermoplastic adhesive is liquid-permeable or water-soluble; wherein one of the layers of thermoplastic adhesive is disposed between, and adjacent to, the carrier substrate layer and one of the stimulation layers, and each of the remaining layers of thermoplastic adhesive is disposed between, and adjacent to the remaining stimulation layers in one alternate mode; wherein at least 50% by weight of the stimulation materials in at least two stimulation layers has a solubility of 0.1 grams to 6 grams of material per gram of water; wherein the carrier substrate layer has a weight of 10 g / m2 to 50 g / m2; each of the stimulation layers has a weight of 25 g / m2 to 500 g / m2 and each of the layers of thermoplastic adhesive has a weight of 2 g / m2 to 25 g / m2; and where the signal composite has a thickness in the z direction of 0.25 mm to 5 mm, as measured by the thickness test.
[0013]
Absorbent article according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that at least one of the stimulation layers additionally comprises a beneficial additive.
[0014]
Absorbent article according to claim 12, characterized in that at least one of the stimulation layers comprises stimulation material in the form of a cooling agent.
[0015]
15. Absorbent article according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the stimulation layers and the layers of thermoplastic adhesive are coextensive in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

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法律状态:
2020-05-26| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2020-10-20| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2020-12-22| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 10 (DEZ) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 22/12/2020, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

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2021-06-22| B16C| Correction of notification of the grant|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 23/11/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. PATENTE CONCEDIDA CONFORME ADI 5.529/DF, QUE DETERMINA A ALTERACAO DO PRAZO DE CONCESSAO |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US12/646,763|US8426669B2|2009-12-23|2009-12-23|Absorbent article having a signal composite|

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US12/646,763|2009-12-23|

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PCT/IB2010/055375|WO2011077293A2|2009-12-23|2010-11-23|Absorbent article having a signal composite|

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